Low back pain is a common medical condition that affects the lower portion of the spine, including the lumbar region. It can range from mild discomfort to severe, debilitating pain and is often caused by muscle strain, disc herniation, arthritis, or other underlying conditions. Research on low back pain focuses on understanding its causes, risk factors, and effective treatments to help alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life for individuals suffering from this condition. This research area includes studies on various treatment options such as physical therapy, medications, and surgery, as well as preventive strategies and lifestyle modifications to manage and prevent episodes of low back pain.